Moreover, development partners, such as NGOs, should be consulted along with communities and small-scale fisheries actors; and regional organizations also have a role in facilitating data collection efforts for reporting on SDG Indicator 14.b.1. Recognizing the capacity of aquaculture for further growth, but also the enormity of the environmental challenges the sector must face as it intensifies production, demands new sustainable aquaculture development strategies. The methodology is built on three main inputs, which are all internationally recognized standards: GDP, value added to fisheries, and biological sustainability of fish stocks. 552 pp. It also shows the major challenges ahead despite the progress made on a number of fronts. However, these larger vessels represent only 2 percent of the world’s total of 2.8 million motorized fishing vessels (Taconet, Kroodsma and Fernandes, 2019), and only a small fraction of the smaller and more coastal fleets carry AIS. World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE). The number of megacities (cities with more than 10 million inhabitants) reached 33 in 2018, of which more than 15 are in developing countries (UN DESA, 2018). The large number of species reared under a variety of aquaculture systems (more than 600 species are farmed globally) means that knowledge on new diseases and the range of susceptible host species often lags behind aquaculture development. The first meeting of the Parties to the PSMA was held in May 2017 in Oslo, Norway, and the second meeting in June 2019 in Santiago, Chile. Indonesia increased its seaweed farming output from less than 4 million tonnes in 2010 to over 11 million tonnes in 2015 and 2016, and similar production levels in 2017 and 2018. However, some stocks of penaeid shrimps in the Caribbean and Guianas shelf have not shown signs of recovery in recent years, despite reductions in fishing effort. Another international initiative, the Seafood Alliance for Legality and Traceability, seeks collaboration and synergy among efforts around seafood traceability. Hershey, USA, IGI Global. Of the overall total, 156 million tonnes were used for human consumption, equivalent to an estimated annual supply of 20.5 kg per capita. A recent major coordinated action by the European Commission, INTERPOL and Europol across 11 European countries detected fraudulent practices concerning tuna fish, including species substitution and fraudulently selling tuna intended for canning as fresh tuna. FAO is now part of the United Nations Alliance for Sustainable Fashion, which supports projects and policies that promote the fashion value chain’s contribution to the Sustainable Development Goals (UN Alliance for Sustainable Fashion, 2020). FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. https://doi.org/10.1038/nclimate2119. In area 47, the Southeast Atlantic, the opposite trend has occurred, with catches progressively decreasing from the peak of 3.3 million tonnes in 1978, although catches have recovered from their recent lows of 1.2 million tonnes recorded in 2009. Pacific communities have long been particularly dependent on marine resources, with consumption levels at 2–4 times the global average.1 However, substantial changes in consumption patterns have resulted in a greater focus on processed, cheap and unhealthy foods, thereby fuelling an obesity pandemic and contributing to high rates of non-communicable diseases in all Pacific countries. The outbreak of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), ongoing at the time of writing (March 2020), has already negatively impacted trade among key exporters and importers in 2020. Mastrandrea, T.E. Overall, 45 percent of assessed stocks in the Pacific Southeast are being fished within sustainable levels. Bridging the science–policy divide to promote fisheries knowledge for all: the case of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Proper handling, hygiene and respect of the cold chain from harvest to consumption are crucial to preventing loss and waste and preserving quality. All books are in clear copy here, and all files are secure so don't worry about it. The decline may also weaken the ability of more fish-dependent countries to meet nutrition targets (2.1 and 2.2) of SDG 2 (End hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture). They cover the responsibilities of flag, coastal, port and market States. It promotes the contribution of fisheries to food security, giving priority to the nutritional needs of resource-dependent communities, and calls for protection of living aquatic resources and their habitats. Fishmeal and fish-oil production fluctuate according to changes in the catches of those species, in particular anchoveta, dominated by the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, which affects stock abundance. Alongside this, there is a recognition that the response to climate change will call for a variety of adaptation options, both technical and non-technical. Some of the most heavily traded small pelagic species are mackerel, herring, sardine and anchovy. Aquaculture production is projected to reach 109 million tonnes in 2030, an increase of 32 percent (26 million tonnes) over 2018. Despite the global dominance of small vessels, estimations of their numbers are likely to be less accurate, as, unlike industrial vessels, they are often not subject to licensing and registration requirements. Its objective is to promote acquiescence with international conservation and management measures by fishing vessels operating on the high seas. To overcome these constraints, Members highlighted the need for: access to more financial and human resources; training and awareness raising; and improvements in research and statistics. However, total landings of this species experienced a sharp drop from more than 1.0 million tonnes in 2015 to 360 000 tonnes in 2017. Archived. In 1976, these shares were 33 percent, 22 percent and 21 percent, respectively. Marine protected areas (MPAs) will be less effective for highly migratory species in comparison with deep-sea species that are almost resident in a particular area (for example, those associated with a seamount), especially so in ABNJ, where pelagic species may occupy large geographical areas. On the contribution of fisheries to food security and nutrition: ▸ Use best available science to make food policy and nutrition action plans. Population and economic growth, together with urbanization, technological developments and dietary diversification, are expected to create an expansion in food demand, and in particular for animal products, including fish. Trade in aquatic plants increased from USD 65 million in 1976 to more than USD 1.3 billion in 2018, with Indonesia, Chile and the Republic of Korea the major exporters, and China, Japan and the United States of America the leading importers. Historically, a major proportion of global fish consumption has been accounted for by Japan, the United States of America and Europe. The Sub-Committee on Aquaculture (of COFI) called for the identification of such initiatives and their documentation and compilation into guidelines. This came amid growing international concern regarding the overfishing of important fish stocks, damage to ecosystems, economic losses, and issues affecting fish trade – all of which threatened the long-term sustainability of fisheries and, in turn, the contribution of fisheries to food security. The current global level of information available for analysis is national catch data, which is an aggregate of all national production data reported by countries. The State of the World’s Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture1 uses the following definitions, which are based in part on the customs of crop and livestock nomenclature, but the terms “strain” and “farmed type” have been newly elaborated. TOPIC 5. Consumption data for 2017 should be considered preliminary. Advancing national climate change risk assessment to deliver national adaptation plans. The group of Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua), silver hake (Merluccius bilinearis), white hake (Urophycis tenuis) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus) has not shown a good recovery, with landings remaining at about 0.1 million tonnes since the late 1990s, only 5 percent of their historical peak value of 2.2 million tonnes. It is central to FAO’s efforts to build consensus around international guidance and provide technical assistance to developing countries, especially the least developed ones, so they can meet modern requirements and their SDG commitments for social sustainability in fisheries and aquaculture. & Lester, S.E. These typically focus on identifying adaptation priorities for the next five years or so, to tackle short-, medium- and long-term risks. In addition, lower-value small fish may be diverted from human consumption to feeds for farmed fish species, although they could have a greater impact in terms of food security and nutrition if consumed directly. Emerging markets, particularly China, are increasingly important targets for exporters and marketers of shrimp, whereas the scope for further growth in the traditional developed markets is limited. IYAFA 2022 will offer a valuable opportunity to communicate broad messages to the general public, as well as tailored messages specifically urging policymakers, development partners, academia, the private sector, and, not least, small-scale fisheries and aquaculture organizations to take action. Top ten global capture producers, 2108, 6. FAO. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Circular No. A communications strategy supports the process, involving close engagement with key stakeholders to understand communication needs to support small-scale fisheries communities and the drive to implement the SSF Guidelines. 2019. The beneficiary countries report clear improvements in their ability to implement the ecosystem approach to fisheries, as demonstrated in a series of management plans and regulations with high degrees of ownership from fishing communities, particularly in Brazil and Colombia. [Cited 22 May 2020]. iMarine provides an innovative platform for data-sharing agreements with these external actors (iMarine, 2019a), for example, in the context of marine biological diversity of areas beyond national jurisdiction. When adequate national biosecurity is lacking, pathogens (and invasive aquatic species) may be transferred at the same time. 344 pp. While the use of SPF shrimp stocks varies greatly between regions and farming practices, evidence is increasingly showing that they have reduced the introduction of pathogens and disease expression in farms, and provided a means for the safe introduction of Penaeus vannamei around the world – the species of choice and the dominant species in shrimp farming. Catches of anchoveta made it once again the top species at more than 7.0 million tonnes in 2018, after relatively lower catches recorded in recent years. Low, particularly large consolidated retailers, enforce various types of standards and assessment... Deep-Water fishing and criteria is proving to be considered by FAO statistical area species..., 2015 ) of tenure and user rights in fisheries are governed through a progressive management.! 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